中文词源
Tory 托利党，英国保守党
来自爱尔兰语 toruighe,土匪，强盗，来自 toir,追踪，追逐。拼写通俗化为 Tory,英国自由党借 用该词来称呼保守党，作为反击，保守党称呼自由党为 Whig,乡巴佬。
英语词源
- Tory
-
Tory: [17] The term tory originally denoted an Irish guerrilla, one of a group of Irishmen who in the 1640s were thrown off their property by the British and took to a life of harrying and plundering the British occupiers (it is an anglicization of Irish *tóraighe ‘pursuer’, which was derived from tóir ‘pursue’). In the 1670s it was applied as a term of abuse to Irish Catholic royalists, and then more generally to supporters of the Catholic James II, and after 1689 it came to be used for the members of the British political party that had at first opposed the removal of James and his replacement with the Protestant William and Mary.
- Tory (n.)
- 1566, "an outlaw," specifically "one of a class of Irish robbers noted for outrages and savage cruelty," from Irish toruighe "plunderer," originally "pursuer, searcher," from Old Irish toirighim "I pursue," from toir "pursuit," from Celtic *to-wo-ret- "a running up to," from PIE root *ret- "to run, roll" (see rotary).
About 1646, it emerged as a derogatory term for Irish Catholics dispossessed of their land (some of whom subsequently turned to outlawry); c. 1680 applied by Exclusioners to supporters of the Catholic Duke of York (later James II) in his succession to the throne of England. After 1689, Tory was the name of a British political party at first composed of Yorkist Tories of 1680. Superseded c. 1830 by Conservative, though it continues to be used colloquially. In American history, Tory was the name given after 1769 to colonists who remained loyal to George III of England; it represents their relative position in the pre-revolutionary English political order in the colonies. As an adjective from 1680s.
权威例句
- 1. The country had confounded the pundits by electing a fourth-term Tory government.
- 该国国民连续四次选举托利党来执掌政府，这令专家们困惑不已。
- 2. Tory-bashing or Labour-bashing will not be enough to shift bored, suspicious voters.
- 抨击保守党或工党并不足以改变那些心生厌倦、心存怀疑的选民的态度。
- 3. Shopkeepers would once have been pillars of the Tory establishment.
- 商店店主一度本该成为保守党统治集团的重要支柱。
- 4. Worst-hit areas were Tory heartlands in London and the South-East.
- 受影响最严重的是伦敦及英国东南部的保守党核心势力地区。
- 5. She rose up the Tory hierarchy by the local government route.
- 她通过地方政府的渠道在保守党的等级制度中一步步地晋升。
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