careen
英 [kəˈriːn]
美 [kəˈriːn]
- vi. 倾侧,倾斜
- vt. 使倾侧,使倾斜
- n. 船的倾侧
将“careen”想象成一个钟摆(carrera,西班牙语中的“奔跑”),这个钟摆摇摆得很夸张,给人一种不稳定的“摇摆”或“倾斜”的感觉,这与“careen”(左右摇晃,倾斜)的含义相符。通过视觉联想,可以更容易记住这个单词。
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careen 将船倾斜,疾驰本义将船倾斜,将龙骨外露进行修补,来自拉丁词carina, 龙骨,词源同hard. 后受career影响,词义主要用于疾驰。
- careen
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careen: [16] Careen comes ultimately from carīna, the Latin word for a ‘nutshell’, which is related to Greek káruon ‘nut’ and Sanskrit kárakas ‘coconut’. The idea of a ‘nut’ as a metaphor for a ‘boat’ is a fairly obvious one (shell is similarly used for a ‘rowing boat’), and the Latin word came to be used for a ‘ship’s keel’, the raised seam of a walnut perhaps suggesting the line of the timber along the ship’s bottom.
It passed via the Genoese dialect carena into French, where a vessel en carène was turned over on its side so that its keel was exposed; hence the verb. The equation of careen with career ‘go wildly’ is 20th-century and of American origin.
- careen (v.)
- 1590s, "to turn a ship on its side" (with the keel exposed), from French cariner, literally "to expose a ship's keel," from Middle French carene "keel" (16c.), from Italian (Genoese dialect) carena, from Latin carina "keel of a ship," originally "nutshell," possibly from PIE root *kar- "hard" (see hard (adj.)).
Intransitive sense of "to lean, to tilt" is from 1763, specifically of ships; in general use by 1883. In sense "to rush headlong," confused with career (v.) since at least 1923. [To career is to move rapidly; to careen is to lurch from side to side (often while moving rapidly).] Earlier figurative uses of careen were "to be laid up; to rest." Related: Careened; careening.
- 1. Their ship was put into port to careen and refit.
- 他们的轮船被送入港口倾侧待修.