中文词源
cathedral 教区总教堂
cata-, 向下。-hed, 坐，词源同sit, seat. 指主教教堂，圣座，chair原型。
英语词源
- cathedral
-
cathedral: [13] Cathedral is a shortening of cathedral church, which was originally the ‘church housing the bishop’s throne’. For ultimately cathedral comes from Greek kathédrā (source also of English chair), a compound noun meaning ‘seat’, formed from katá- ‘down’ and *hed- ‘sit’. The adjectival form was created in late Latin as cathedrālis, and reached English via Old French. The notion of the bishop’s authority residing in his throne recurs in see, which comes from Latin sēdem ‘seat’, a relative of English sit.
=> chair - cathedral (n.)
- 1580s, "church of a bishop," from phrase cathedral church (c. 1300), partially translating Late Latin ecclesia cathedralis "church of a bishop's seat," from Latin cathedra "an easy chair (principally used by ladies)," also metonymically, as in cathedrae molles "luxurious women;" also "a professor's chair;" from Greek kathedra "seat, bench," from kata "down" (see cata-) + hedra "seat, base, chair, face of a geometric solid," from PIE root *sed- (1) "to sit" (see sedentary).
It was born an adjective, and attempts to cobble further adjectivization onto it in 17c. yielded cathedraical (1670s), cathedratic (1660s), cathedratical (1660s), after which the effort seems to have been given up.
权威例句
- 1. As Wren's epitaph famously declares, the cathedral itself is his monument.
- 众所周知，雷恩的墓志铭中写道，大教堂本身就是他的纪念碑。
- 2. The fourteenth century cathedral was reduced to a mass of rubble.
- 这座14世纪的大教堂变成了一堆瓦砾。
- 3. The cathedral was destroyed by the Great Fire of 1136 AD.
- 大教堂在公元1136年的大火中被付之一炬。
- 4. His funeral will be on Thursday at Blackburn Cathedral.
- 他的葬礼将于星期四在布莱克本大教堂举行。
- 5. Notre-Dame Cathedral in Senlis is less famous than its namesake in Paris.
- 桑利斯的圣母院不如在巴黎与其同名的圣母院有名。
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