中文词源
cold 冷的
来自PIE*gel, 冷，词源同glacier, jelly.
英语词源
- cold
-
cold: [OE] Cold is a word of ancient roots. It can be traced back to the Indo-European base *gel-, *gol-, which also produced Latin gelu ‘frost’, ultimate source of English congeal, gel, and jelly. Its prehistoric Germanic descendant was *kal-, *kōl-, from which English gets cool, probably chill, and, via a past participial adjective *kaldaz, cold. The noun use of the adjective dates back to Old English times, but the sense ‘viral infection of the nose, throat, etc’ is a 16th- century development.
=> chill, congeal, cool, gel, jelly - cold (adj.)
- Old English cald (Anglian), ceald (West Saxon) "cold, cool" (adj.), "coldness," from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz (cognates: Old Frisian and Old Saxon kald, Old High German and German kalt, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic kalds "cold"), possibly a past participle adjective of *kal-/*kol-, from PIE root *gel-/*gol- "cold" (cognates: Latin gelare "to freeze," gelu "frost," glacies "ice").
Meaning "not strong" (in reference to scent) is 1590s, from hunting. Cold front in weather is from 1921. Cold-call in the sales pitch sense first recorded 1972. Japanese has two words for "cold:" samui for coldness in the atmosphere or environment; tsumetai for things which are cold to touch, and also in the figurative sense, with reference to personalities, behaviors, etc. - cold (n.)
- c. 1300, "coldness," from cold (adj.). Sense in common cold is 1530s, from symptoms resembling those of exposure to cold; compare earlier senses "indisposition caused by exposure to cold" (early 14c.); "discomfort caused by cold" (c. 1300).
权威例句
- 1. The cold, misty air felt wonderful on his face.
- 雾蒙蒙，寒冷的空气使他脸上感觉很舒爽。
- 2. Basal metabolism is much lower for creatures in cold water.
- 冷水中生物的基础代谢速度要低很多。
- 3. Victorian houses can seem cold with their lofty ceilings and rambling rooms.
- 维多利亚式房屋屋顶高耸，房间布局凌乱，因此可能会显得较为阴冷。
- 4. Whenever I have a cold I get a nosebleed.
- 每次我感冒都会流鼻血。
- 5. A cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract.
- 感冒是上呼吸道的感染。
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