spill
英 [spɪl]
美 [spɪl]
- vt. 使溢出，使流出；使摔下
- vi. 溢出，流出；摔下；涌流
- n. 溢出，溅出；溢出量；摔下；小塞子
- n. (Spill)人名；(德)施皮尔
使用频率:
记忆方法
1. 专家生病了，把水泼出去了。
2. 专家生病了，有气无力的，端个水都端不稳，水洒的到处都是。
3. 专家病了，拿不稳杯子，使水溢出。
2. 专家生病了，有气无力的，端个水都端不稳，水洒的到处都是。
3. 专家病了，拿不稳杯子，使水溢出。
中文词源
spill 洒出，溢出，泼出，泄露
来自古英语 spillan,破坏，杀死，致残，肢解，来自 Proto-Germanic*spilthjan,破坏，毁灭，来 自 PIE*spel,分开，劈开。后引申词义流血，洒出，并可能由该词义引申比喻义洒出，溢出， 泄露等。其原义见 spoil,抢劫，战利品。
spill 小木条，小木棍可能来自 spill 印欧词根 PIE*spel,分开，劈开。
英语词源
- spill
-
spill: Spill ‘let fall’ [OE] and spill ‘thin piece of wood’ are distinct words. The former originally meant ‘destroy, kill’; the modern sense ‘allow liquid to pour out or fall’, which did not emerge until the 14th century, arose as a rather grisly metaphor based on the notion of ‘shedding blood’. The ultimate origins of the word, which has relatives in Dutch spillen and Swedish spilla, are not known. Spill ‘thin piece of wood’ was probably borrowed from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch spile ‘splinter, wooden pin, bar, etc’, which also gave English spile ‘bung’ [16].
This in turn went back to a prehistoric West Germanic *spinla (source also of English spindle). The familiar modern use of spill for a ‘small slip of wood, paper, etc used for carrying a flame’ did not emerge until the early 19th century.
=> spin, spindle - spill (v.)
- Old English spillan "destroy, mutilate, kill," also in late Old English "to waste," variant of spildan "destroy," from Proto-Germanic *spilthjan (cognates: Old High German spildan "to spill," Old Saxon spildian "destroy, kill," Old Norse spilla "to destroy," Danish spilde "lose, spill, waste," Middle Dutch spillen "to waste, spend"), from PIE *spel- (1) "to split, break off" (cognates: Middle Dutch spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Greek aspalon "skin, hide," spolas "flayed skin;" Lithuanian spaliai "shives of flax;" Old Church Slavonic rasplatiti "to cleave, split;" Middle Low German spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Sanskrit sphatayati "splits").
Sense of "let (liquid) fall or run out" developed mid-14c. from use of the word in reference to shedding blood (early 14c.). Intransitive sense "to run out and become wasted" is from 1650s. Spill the beans recorded by 1910 in a sense of "spoil the situation;" 1919 as "reveal a secret." To cry for spilt milk (usually with negative) is attested from 1738. Related: Spilled; spilt; spilling. - spill (n.)
- 1845, originally "a throw or fall from a horse," from spill (v.). Meaning "the spilling of a liquid, amount of spilled stuff" is from 1848.
权威例句
- 1. The spill could wipe out the Gulf's turtle population.
- 这次原油泄漏可能会使波斯湾的海龟灭绝。
- 2. Utmost care must be taken not to spill any of the contents.
- 千万注意里面的东西一点都不能洒出来。
- 3. When the bell rings, more than 1,000 children spill from classrooms.
- 当铃声响起时，1,000多名孩子从教室里涌了出来。
- 4. He is prepared to spill the blood of a million people.
- 他准备杀掉100万人。
- 5. He was tempted to spill out his problems to Philip.
- 他很想把自己的问题透露给菲利普。
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