中文词源
ash 灰，白蜡树
1.同词根ard, 烧，字母r, s音变。
2.来自PIE *os, 白蜡树。
英语词源
- ash
-
ash: [OE] There are two distinct words ash in English: ash the tree and ash ‘burnt material’. The tree (Old English æsc) comes from a prehistoric Germanic *askiz, which in turn derived from the Indo-European base *os-; this was the source of several tree-names in other Indo-European languages, not all of them by any means corresponding to the ash: Latin ornus, for instance, meant ‘elm’, and Albanian ah is ‘beech’. Ash as in ‘cigarette ash’ is a descendant of Old English æsce.
It has cognate forms in other Germanic languages (German asche, Dutch asch, Swedish aska), pointing to a prehistoric Germanic *azgon, which may be related to the Latin verbs ārēre ‘be dry’ (source of English arid) and ārdēre ‘burn’ (source of English ardent, ardour, and arson).
=> ardent, arid, arson - ash (n.1)
- "powdery remains of fire," Old English æsce "ash," from Proto-Germanic *askon (cognates: Old Norse and Swedish aska, Old High German asca, German asche, Gothic azgo "ashes"), from PIE root *ai- (2) "to burn, glow" (cognates: Sanskrit asah "ashes, dust," Armenian azazem "I dry up," Greek azein "to dry up, parch," Latin ardus "parched, dry"). Spanish and Portuguese ascua "red-hot coal" are Germanic loan-words.
Symbol of grief or repentance; hence Ash Wednesday (c. 1300), from custom introduced by Pope Gregory the Great of sprinkling ashes on the heads of penitents on the first day of Lent. Ashes meaning "mortal remains of a person" is late 13c., in reference to the ancient custom of cremation. - ash (n.2)
- type of tree, Old English æsc "ash tree," also "spear made of ash wood," from Proto-Germanic *askaz, *askiz (cognates: Old Norse askr, Old Saxon ask, Middle Dutch esce, German Esche), from PIE root *os- "ash tree" (cognates: Armenian haci "ash tree," Albanian ah "beech," Greek oxya "beech," Latin ornus "wild mountain ash," Russian jasen, Lithuanian uosis "ash"). Ash was the preferred wood for spear-shafts, so Old English æsc sometimes meant "spear" (as in æsc-here "company armed with spears").
权威例句
- 1. Weather satellites have observed a ring of volcanic ash girdling the earth.
- 气象卫星观测到一个环绕地球的火山灰带。
- 2. Mount Unzen has been spewing out volcanic ash, gas, and rock today.
- 云仙山今天一直在向外喷涌火山灰、气体和火山岩。
- 3. The bodies buried in the fine ash slowly decayed.
- 埋在灰烬里的尸体慢慢地腐烂了。
- 4. The power-generation plant belched out five tonnes of ash an hour.
- 发电站每小时排出5吨灰。
- 5. The volcano threw new showers of magma and ash into the air.
- 火山又向空中喷出了岩浆和火山灰。
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