中文词源
empire 帝国
词源同emperor, 皇帝。
英语词源
- empire
-
empire: [13] Empire and its close relatives emperor [13], imperial [14], imperious [16], and imperative [16] all come ultimately from the Latin verb imperāre ‘command’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix in- ‘in relation to’ and parāre ‘make ready’ (source of English prepare), and hence originally meant ‘make preparations for’ before shifting metaphorically to ‘issue commands for’.
Of its derivatives, imperātor (source of English emperor) was used originally for ‘commander of an army’, and only secondarily for the ruler of the Roman empire, while the primary sense of imperium (source of English empire) was ‘a command’, and hence ‘authority’.
=> imperative, imperial, prepare - empire (n.)
- early 14c., from Old French empire "rule, authority, kingdom, imperial rule" (11c.), from Latin imperium "a rule, a command; authority, control, power; supreme power, sole dominion; military authority; a dominion, realm," from imperare "to command," from assimilated form of in- "in" (see in- (2)) + parare "to order, prepare" (see pare).
[P]roperly an empire is an aggregate of conquered, colonized, or confederated states, each with its own government subordinate or tributary to that of the empire as a whole. [Century Dictionary]
Not etymologically restricted to "territory ruled by an emperor," but used that way. The Empire, meaning "the British Empire," first recorded 1772 (it officially devolved into "The Commonwealth" in 1931); before that it meant the Holy Roman Empire (1670s). Empire as the name of a style (especially in reference to a style of dresses with high waistlines) is by 1869, in reference to the affected classicism prevailing in France during the reign of Napoleon I (1804-15). Second Empire is in reference to the rule of Napoleon III of France (1852-70). New York has been called the Empire State since 1834.
权威例句
- 1. The Roman Empire was divided in the fourth century AD.
- 罗马帝国于公元4世纪分裂。
- 2. He now controls the largest retail development empire in southern California.
- 他现在掌管着加州南部最大的零售发展企业。
- 3. The empire had for years been falling into decadence.
- 这个帝国走向腐朽堕落已经经年。
- 4. The subject peoples of her empire were anxious for their own independence.
- 她的帝国中被迫向她臣服的民族迫切渴望自身的独立。
- 5. The empire could not cohere as a legitimate whole.
- 这个帝国无法凝聚成一个合法的整体。
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