entropy
英 [ˈen.trə.pi]
美 [ˈen.trə.pi]
- n. [热] 熵（热力学函数）
星级词汇:
记忆方法
为了记住单词“entropy”，可以采用以下简单的记忆方法：
想象一个“en”字形的能量向上流动，而“try”是尝试去阻止它，但由于“n”（熵的结尾）的存在，能量无法完全被阻止，于是形成了不可逆的能量分布，这个分布就是“熵”的状态。简单来说，就是“能量尝试阻止但仍流动”形成了“熵”。
想象一个“en”字形的能量向上流动，而“try”是尝试去阻止它，但由于“n”（熵的结尾）的存在，能量无法完全被阻止，于是形成了不可逆的能量分布，这个分布就是“熵”的状态。简单来说，就是“能量尝试阻止但仍流动”形成了“熵”。
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中文词源
entropy 熵，无序状态的测量
en-, 进入，使。-trop, 转，混乱，词源同turn, tropical. 即进入混乱状态，后用于科学术语，指无序状态的测量。
英语词源
- entropy
-
entropy: [19] The term entropy was coined (as entropie) in 1865 by the German physicist Rudolph Clausius (1822–88), formulator of the second law of thermodynamics. It was he who developed the concept of entropy (a measure of the disorder of a system at atomic or molecular level), and he created the name for it (on the model of energy) from Greek en- ‘in’ and tropé ‘turning, transformation’ (source of English trophy and tropical). The first record of the English version of the word is from 1868.
=> trophy, tropical - entropy (n.)
- 1868, from German Entropie "measure of the disorder of a system," coined 1865 (on analogy of Energie) by German physicist Rudolph Clausius (1822-1888), in his work on the laws of thermodynamics, from Greek entropia "a turning toward," from en "in" (see en- (2)) + trope "a turning, a transformation" (see trope). The notion is supposed to be "transformation contents." Related: Entropic.
It was not until 1865 that Clausius invented the word entropy as a suitable name for what he had been calling "the transformational content of the body." The new word made it possible to state the second law in the brief but portentous form: "The entropy of the universe tends toward a maximum," but Clausius did not view entropy as the basic concept for understanding that law. He preferred to express the physical meaning of the second law in terms of the concept of disgregation, another word that he coined, a concept that never became part of the accepted structure of thermodynamics. [Martin J. Klein, "The Scientific Style of Josiah Willard Gibbs," in "A Century of Nathematics in America," 1989]
权威例句
- 1. In the business world, entropy rules.
- 在商业世界中，无序状态主宰一切。
- 2. No matter how much of a misanthrope you are there is such a thing as entropy and it will catch up with you sooner or later.
- 不论你是一个多么不愿意与人交往的人，你迟早会被成千上百万条的信息包围。
- 3. The entropy density is constant ahead of the shock.
- 冲击波前方的熵密度是恒定的.
- 4. They can adopt conformations which lead to maximum entropy.
- 他们可以采取有最大熵值的构象.
- 5. The second law only allows us to calculate changes in entropy.
- 第二定律只能让我们计算熵的改变量.
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