hoodlum
英 [ˈhuːd.ləm]
美 [ˈhuːd.ləm]
- n. 流氓；暴徒；无赖
中文词源
hoodlum 暴徒，恶棍
词源不详，特别用于指美国加利福尼亚州19世纪70年代欺负中国移民的街头流氓，一种说法是来自”huddle ‘em”,即huddle them,类似于攻击中国移民的暗号，后来报纸就把这帮人称做hoodlum.
英语词源
- hoodlum (n.)
- popularized 1871, American English, (identified throughout the 1870s as "a California word") "young street rowdy, loafer," especially one involved in violence against Chinese immigrants, "young criminal, gangster;" it appears to have been in use locally from a slightly earlier date and may have begun as a specific name of a gang:
The police have recently been investigating the proceedings of a gang of thieving boys who denominate themselves and are known to the world as the Hoodlum Gang. [San Francisco "Golden Era" newspaper, Feb. 16, 1868, p.4]
Of unknown origin, though newspapers of the day printed myriad fanciful stories concocted to account for it. A guess perhaps better than average is that it is from German dialectal (Bavarian) Huddellump "ragamuffin" [Barnhart].What the derivation of the word "hoodlum" is we could never satisfactorily ascertain, though several derivations have been proposed; and it would appear that the word has not been very many years in use. But, however obscure the word may be, there is nothing mysterious about the thing; .... [Walter M. Fisher, "The Californians," London, 1876]
权威例句
- 1. If I was a hoodlum I could hit you on the head.
- 如果我是强盗的话,我可以猛击你的头.
- 2. The hoodlum is still in jug.
- 那个恶棍仍在坐牢.
- 3. The hoodlum menaced the local merchants.
- 盗匪威胁着当地商人.
- 4. He is a well - known hoodlum in this neighborhood , always bullying others.
- 他是这边有名的混子, 经常欺负人.
- 5. My not hoodlum, but ill health.
- 我不流氓, 但不健康.
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