中文词源
wage 工资，发动（战争）
来自PIE*wadh, 承诺，誓言，词源同wed,engage。原指承诺对别人的服务的报酬，引申义工资，原仅限于手工和机械劳动所得，后词义通用化。同时，用做词义承诺参战，发动战争，后词义通用化指开展或发动某运动。
英语词源
- wage
-
wage: [14] Wage and gage (as in engage) are doublets – that is to say, they come from the same ultimate source, but have drifted apart over the centuries. The source in this case was prehistoric Germanic *wathjam ‘pledge’, which is also the ancestor of English wedding. It was borrowed into Old French as gage, which is where English gets gage from; but its Anglo- Norman form was wage, which accounts for English wage. Gage, engage, and the derivative wager [14] all preserve to some degree the original notion of ‘giving a pledge or security’, but wage has moved on via ‘payment’ to ‘payment for work done’.
=> engage, gage, wager, wedding - wage (n.)
- c. 1300, "a payment for services rendered, reward, just deserts;" mid-14c., "salary paid to a provider of service," from Anglo-French and Old North French wage (Old French gage) "pledge, pay, reward," from Frankish *wadja- or another Germanic source (compare Old English wedd "pledge, agreement, covenant," Gothic wadi "pledge"), from Proto-Germanic *wadi- (see wed (v.)).
Also from mid-14c., "a pledge, guarantee, surety" (usually in plural), and (c. 1400) "a promise or pledge to meet in battle." The "payment for service" sense by late 14c. extended to allotments of money paid at regular intervals for continuous or repeated service. Traditionally in English wages were payment for manual or mechanical labor and somewhat distinguished from salary or fee. Modern French cognate gages (plural) means "wages of a domestic," one of a range of French "pay" words distinguished by class, such as traitement (university professor), paye, salaire (workman), solde (soldier), récompense, prix. The Old English word was lean, related to loan and representing the usual Germanic word (Gothic laun, Dutch loon, German lohn). Wage-earner attested from 1871. - wage (v.)
- c. 1300, "give (something) as surety, deposit as a pledge," from Old North French wagier "to pledge" (Old French gagier, "to pledge, guarantee, promise; bet, wager, pay," Modern French gager), from wage (see wage (n.)). Meaning "to carry on, engage in" (of war, etc.) is attested from mid-15c., probably from earlier sense of "to offer as a gage of battle, agree to engage in combat" (mid-14c.). Related: Waged; waging.
权威例句
- 1. A wage freeze was imposed on all staff earlier this month.
- 这个月早些时候，所有员工的工资都被冻结了。
- 2. Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields.
- 女性在很多领域还没能争取到薪金、职位方面的平等。
- 3. The union had sought a wage increase and a shorter work week.
- 工会寻求增加工资，缩短每周工作时间。
- 4. In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
- 除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到不少小费。
- 5. Many farmers have to depend on subsidies to make a living wage.
- 许多农民的基本生活工资要靠补贴来维持。
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