scourge
英 [skɜːdʒ]
美 [skɝːdʒ]
- vt. 鞭打;蹂躏;严斥;痛斥
- n. 鞭;灾祸;鞭子;苦难的根源
scourge 鞭子,鞭刑,灾害,祸害来自盎格鲁法语 escorge,鞭子,来自古法语 escorgier,鞭打,鞭刑,可能来自拉丁语 excoriare, 剥皮,来自 ex-,向外,corium,皮肤,兽皮,来自 PIE*sker,砍,切,分开,词源同 shear,excoriate. 引申词义灾害,祸害。参照 Scourge of God,上帝之鞭,原指欧洲人对西汉时期入侵欧洲的匈 奴王的称号,后指元朝时再次入侵欧洲的成吉思汗。
- scourge
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scourge: [13] Scourge comes ultimately from a Latin word for a ‘long strip of leather’, corrigio, which itself was borrowed from Celtic. It had a number of specific applications, including ‘shoelace’, ‘rein’, and ‘whip’, and it was the last that formed the basis of the Vulgar Latin verb *excorrigiāre ‘whip’, which passed into English via Old French escorgier and its derived noun escorge.
- scourge (n.)
- c. 1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex-) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei.
- scourge (v.)
- c. 1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging.
- 1. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.
- 毒品是破坏我们社会的一大祸害。
- 2. The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.
- 那残忍的船长鞭打不服从命令的水手.
- 3. After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.
- 战乱之后瘟疫接踵而来.
- 4. The scourge of racial tyranny should never again be allowed to raise its ugly head.
- 永远不能让种族主义暴政的祸患重新抬头。
- 5. Farmers don't need much prompting to tell you that "flaming dog owners" are the scourge of their lives.
- 不用怎么提示农场主们就会告诉你,“该死的养狗人”是他们生活的灾星。