中文词源
shame 羞耻，羞愧，耻辱，丢脸
来自古英语 scamu,羞耻，羞愧，来自 Proto-Germanic*skamo,覆盖，隐藏，来自 PIE*skem,*kem, 覆盖，隐藏，可能来自*skeu,覆盖，隐藏，词源同 hide,shoe.引申诸相关词义。
英语词源
- shame
-
shame: [OE] Shame is a general Germanic term, with relatives in German scham, Dutch schaam, and Swedish and Danish skam. Their common ancestor is a prehistoric *skamō, a word of unknown origin. Sham [17] probably originated in a northern English pronunciation of shame. The compound shamefaced [16] has no etymological connection with face. It is an alteration of an earlier shamefast, whose second element is the same word as fast ‘firm’, and its underlying meaning is ‘held firm by shame’.
=> sham - shame (n.)
- Old English scamu, sceomu "feeling of guilt or disgrace; confusion caused by shame; disgrace, dishonor, insult, loss of esteem or reputation; shameful circumstance, what brings disgrace; modesty; private parts," from Proto-Germanic *skamo (cognates: Old Saxon skama, Old Norse skömm, Swedish skam, Old Frisian scome, Dutch schaamte, Old High German scama, German Scham). The best guess is that this is from PIE *skem-, from *kem- "to cover" (covering oneself being a common expression of shame).
Until modern times English had a productive duplicate form in shand. An Old Norse word for it was kinnroði, literally "cheek-redness," hence, "blush of shame." Greek distinguished shame in the bad sense of "disgrace, dishonor" (aiskhyne) from shame in the good sense of "modesty, bashfulness" (aidos). To put (someone or something) to shame is mid-13c. Shame culture attested by 1947. - shame (v.)
- Old English scamian "be ashamed, blush, feel shame; cause shame," from the root of shame (n.). Compare Old Saxon scamian, Dutch schamen, Old High German scamen, Danish skamme, Gothic skaman, German schämen sich. Related: Shamed; shaming.
权威例句
- 1. I will return, find you, love you, marry you and live without shame.
- 我会回去，找到你，爱你，娶你，活的光明正大。《赎罪》
- 2. You've no reason to reproach yourself, no reason to feel shame.
- 你没有理由自责，也没有理由感到惭愧。
- 3. Her father and her brothers would die of shame.
- 她父亲和她的兄弟们会羞愧死。
- 4. The government will also name and shame the worst performing airlines.
- 政府还将曝光业绩最差的航空公司。
- 5. She felt a deep sense of shame and repugnance.
- 她深感羞耻和厌恶。
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